Analyses of spring mean circulations for major and minor dust storm years in China–Mongolia area     

MinHong Song  ZhengAn Qian  Ying Cai  ChungMing Liu 《寒旱区科学》2009,1(4):0361-0371

To better understand the dust storm (hereafter DS) inducing circulation in the China–Mongolia (CM) DS activity area, the spring mean circulation features and differences on lower levels in three subregions of the CM DS area for the major- and minor-DS years have, as a whole (not partly), been analyzed, utilizing the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalyzed gridded data, the observed DS frequency data in the CM area, and the composite analysis method. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Judging from the differences in the DS-inducing systems, dust origins, paths of invading cold air, and main DS-strike areas, the whole CM DS area is roughly divided into the three subregions: the East-, Middle- and West-CM subregions (in this paper, referred to as E-, M-, and W-CM). (2) In major DSs during spring over the E-CM, the middle- and lower-level troughs or cyclones over the Japan Sea and northeastern China (NEC) dominate. The invading cold air along the northeastern (NE) or north by east (NE) path often causes the DS in the E-CM region. But nearly the opposite is true in minor DS during spring in E-CM. (3) In the major DS during spring over the M-CM region, the Mongolian troughs or cyclones are the main DS-inducing systems. The strong invading cold air along the northwestern (NW)- or north by west (Nw) path causes the DSs in the M-CM region. (4) In the major DSs during spring over the W-CM region, the South Xinjiang heat lows prevail, the intruding cold air has a western path, and creates the DSs in South Xinjiang. (5) In the past 50 years, the DSs over the M-CM region have had the most severe impact on the preceding three subregions of the CM DS area. Overall, DS activities over all of three regions of the CM area decreased in the past (particularly, over M- and W-CM regions since the mid-1980s. But there existed a short and sudden increasing in E-CM in the years 2000–2002. (6) It is circulation changes and desertification evolutions that cause the yearly and decadal changes of DS in CM area, especially the former. With the backdrop of global warming in the future, perhaps the decreased DS activities over M- and W-CM will persist for some time again, and special attention should be paid to ones over E-CM or to the individual DS events over M- and W-CM.  相似文献   

峡东地区早奥陶世C同位素异常及其成因     

张保民  陈孝红  周鹏  李志宏  彭中勤  曾雄伟 《地质通报》2017,36(5):792-799

以宜昌黄花场奥陶系剖面为研究对象,开展峡东地区早奥陶世C同位素研究,建立了峡东地区早奥陶世C同位素曲线,并识别出可全球对比的2次正漂移(C1,C3)和2次负漂移(C2,C4)。通过分析峡东地区沉积相序列及海平面变化特征,发现峡东地区C同位素变化曲线与海平面波动曲线一致,表明峡东地区C同位素的变化主要受控于海平面的波动。  相似文献   

帕米尔弧形构造带东北缘晚新生代构造活动的沉积与重矿物变化响应     

王子一  李康  李勇  安凯旋  陈才  林秀斌  程晓敢  陈汉林 《岩石学报》2021,37(5):1419-1430

帕米尔弧形构造带东北缘晚新生代沉积特征的研究对于理解帕米尔构造带弧形扩展机制具有重要意义。本文通过对帕米尔弧形构造带东北缘的晚新生代沉积地层的沉积特征对比研究和重矿物采样与组份分析,建立了帕米尔弧形构造带东北缘地区的晚新生代沉积联合柱状对比图和重矿物组份变化曲线。研究结果表明,晚新生代沉积与重矿物变化主要记录了帕米尔弧形构造带东北缘的两期构造活动。第一期构造活动发生在安居安组沉积时期,帕米尔弧形构造带东北缘的和什拉甫剖面、英科1井表现为粗碎屑沉积和对应的不稳定重矿物爆发,而南部的甫沙2井中则并未观察到,这一事件可能反映了喀什-叶城走滑系统在和什拉甫剖面附近的中新世构造启动。第二期构造活动发生在阿图什组沉积期间,帕米尔弧形构造带东北缘全区域出现了一套粗碎屑沉积和对应的不稳定重矿物爆发,反映了帕米尔弧形构造带东北缘在上新世以来大规模向北楔入塔里木盆地内部的构造过程。  相似文献   

海南岛海岸带风险性评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汪亚平  史本伟  张亮  贾建军  夏小明  周亮  于睿  杨旸  高建华 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(4):114-120

对海岸线变化和脆弱性的了解对地方政府部门非常重要,拥有这方面的知识将有助于进行沿海地区的管理和开发。为了研究海南岛的海岸变化特征及其脆弱性,近年来我们采集了大的沉积物样品,并结合海图和遥感卫片分析海岸线变化特征。海南四大城市（海口,文昌,三亚和长江）虽然没有显著的侵蚀特征（海岸线处于相对稳定状态）,通过脆弱性评价发现其均为中等脆弱性,主要是由于大量人口对海岸造成的压力所致。因此,本文提出的基于包括人为-自然因素的海岸脆弱性评价方法,具有制定海岸带管理和适应性策略的运用潜力。  相似文献   

近10年蒙古高原植被覆盖变化及其对气候的季节响应   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

包刚  包玉海  覃志豪  周义  Shiirev-Adiya 《地理科学》2013,33(5):613-621

利用2001~2010年间MODIS NDVI数据、同期气象数据和MODIS土地覆盖分类产品,探讨蒙古高原植被覆盖变化趋势及其对气温和降水量的季节响应特征。结果表明,10 a来,蒙古高原植被覆盖度呈增加趋势和呈下降趋势的面积基本持平;春季和夏季植被覆盖度呈下降趋势,而秋季呈上升趋势,降水量是最主要的影响因子;在秋季5种植被类型均呈增加趋势,而在春季和夏季不同植被类型的增减趋势因植被类型而异。  相似文献   

Variation in δ15N of a lacustrine sedimentary sequence in the Nanling Mountains and its potential implication for climatic conditions over the past ∼16 000 years     

钟巍  曹家元  薛积彬  欧阳军 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2013,31(5):1098-1106

Although extensive studies have been performed on nitrogen isotopes in lake sediments,understanding the complexity of the δ~15N variation related to past environmental and climatic conditions still remains unclear.Supported by multi-proxy records including litho-units,organic carbon isotopes,ration of total organic carbon and total nitrogen,organic matter content,bulk dry density,the accumulation rate of organic matter,median grain size,magnetic susceptibility,and Rb/Sr and Ca/Mg ratios obtained from a sedimentary sequence in a small lake(i.e.,Dahu Swamp) in the eastern Nanling Mountains in South China,we deduce that variation in the δ15N values results primarily from the sources of organic matter,which are significantly influenced by climatic conditions over the past ~16 000 years.A low(or high) lake level resulting from dry(or wet) conditions would lead to more(or fewer) vascular plant remains in the sediments and stronger(or weaker) denitrification associated with hypolimnetic anoxia,resulting in lower(or higher) δ15N values.In addition,dry(or wet) conditions would favor weakened(or strengthened) biogeochemical activity in the catchment,which could result in less(or more) external input of15N-enriched OM,thus leading to decreased(or increased) δ15N values.Our results indicate that the lake sediment δ15N record in the Nanling Mountains has the potential to provide valuable insight into past East Asian monsoon climatedriven environmental changes.  相似文献   

京津风沙源区植被的时空变化及其对气候因子的响应     

裴亮  黄森旺  陈丽萍 《中国沙漠》2013,33(5):1593-1597

利用2000—2008年的MODIS-NDVI遥感数据和34个站的气象数据,分析了京津风沙源区植被变化的空间分布范围及其与气候因子的关系。即利用坡度分析定量地估算了京津风沙源区植被覆盖的时空变化;分别计算降雨、温度及相对湿度与植被变化的相关系数,并进行显著性检验。结果表明:2000—2008年京津风沙源区植被覆盖整体呈上升趋势,其中上升区域占74%,显著上升区域占9.83%;气候整体上变化规律不强,降雨和气温都存在一定的增加趋势,但各年波动性较大;气候因子中降雨与生长季NDVI最大值相关性最强,两者整体变化趋势一致,80.11%的区域为正相关,3.17%的区域为显著正相关;降雨和NDVI相关的显著性不强及不完全同步性,可能是源于工程和非工程等人为因素的干扰。  相似文献   

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周江存  孙和平  徐建桥 《大地测量与地球动力学》2013,33(3):25-29

????GRACE??????????????????300 km???????????????????????????0??5°????????????????????仯???????t????????????????????????????з????????????????????????????仯???????????????????????????????????δ???????t???????????????????????????????????????仯????????????????????????С????????????????????????????У????????????????????仯??????????????????????????????????GRACE???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????GRACE????????????????????????У?????t?????????????????????з?????????????????????????M??w8.8???????????????????????????????????С???M??w8.6?????????????????????????M??w8.6~8.8????п??????????????  相似文献   

基于作物空间分配模型的东北三省春玉米时空分布特征   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

谭杰扬  李正国  杨鹏  刘珍环  李志鹏  张莉  吴文斌  游良志  唐华俊 《地理学报》2014,69(3):353-364

利用1980-2010 年东北三省分县玉米播种面积与产量统计、耕地分布、农业灌溉分布以及作物适宜性分布等多源数据,结合基于交叉信息熵原理的作物空间分配模型（Spatial Production Allocation Model,SPAM）,在5'×5'的像元尺度模拟了春玉米种植面积与产量的时空分布,并重点分析了两者在纬向、经向,以及高程上的时空变化规律。结果显示：（1）玉米种植面积在2000 年前向北扩展至北纬44°~48°间,2000 年后在中南部出现大规模发展（北纬42°~44°）,并进一步向东扩展至东经123°~127°间,同时还表现为向低海拔（高程100 m以下）和较高海拔（高程200~350 m）扩展的态势;（2）单产在纬向上的增加区主要集中在北纬42°~48°,经向上的单产增加则相对均匀,高程上单产提升区主要集中在海拔350 m以下。（3）像元内玉米种植比例整体上由中低种植比例为主逐步演变为中高比例占据主体,并且中高种植比例像元对应的玉米单产水平整体上较高,反映了市场经济驱动下的玉米种植集聚化和规模化的发展趋势。  相似文献   

近30年来长江口水下三角洲地形演变与受控因素分析     

宋城城  王军 《地理学报》2014,69(11):1683-1696

利用长江口1982-2010年间4个年份的高精度实测地形数据、大通站输沙量数据以及河口工程建设信息等,分3个阶段研究了长江口整体冲淤规律、不同分区冲淤变化时空差异、重点断面垂向冲淤特征、水下三角洲重要区域 (崇明东滩、横沙浅滩、九段沙以及南汇东滩) 的演变趋势与受控因素。结果表明：(1) 近30年长江口整体上表现为略微冲刷,冲刷面积占51.83%,在3个阶段中呈现出“冲刷—淤积—再冲刷”的冲淤演化态势,且冲淤变化时空差异显著,仅长江北港区为持续冲刷。(2) 崇明东滩和横沙浅滩东侧和北侧、九段沙北侧以及南汇东滩的5 m以浅区域以垂向淤积为主,而崇明东滩和横沙浅滩南侧、九段沙东侧和南侧的5 m以浅区域则以垂向冲刷为主。(3) 长江口重要区域2 m和5 m等深线包络面积整体上是不断增加的,1982-2010年时段内年均增加量分别为10.42 km²/a和7.99 km²/a,但各分区则表现不一致;10 m等深线包络面积在整体上及各个分区内均表现为明显减小;15 m等深线包络面积变幅较小,基本保持稳定状态;(4) 受河口工程建设影响,仅崇明东滩水下三角洲等深线包络面积减小的趋势与大通站输沙量减少趋势相同。主要结论：从长江口水下三角洲等深线包络面积和分布形态的变化看,基于目前上游输沙量持续减少的宏观自然背景下,大规模的河口工程建设对近年来长江口水下三角洲演变的控制作用日益明显。  相似文献